SOE Archive

Question Papers

• 2023
• MQP 1
• MQP 2
• CIE

Notes

• Calculus of complex functions: Review of function of a complex variables, limits, continuity, and differentiability. Analytic functions: Cauchy-Riemann equations in Cartesian and polar forms and consequences.
  
  Construction of analytic functions: Milne-Thomson method Problems.

  Module 1

• Conformal transformations: Introduction. Discussion of transformations: w = z² , w = z + 1/z , (z ≠ 0). Bilinear transformations- Problems.
  
  Complex integration: Line integral of a complex function Cauchy’s theorem and Cauchy’s integral formula and problems.

  Module 2

• Numerical Solutions of Ordinary Differential Equations (ODE’s): Numerical solution of ODE’s of first order and first degree- Taylor’s series method, Modified Euler’s method. Runge -Kutta method of fourth order, Milne’s predictor and corrector method (No derivations of formulae)-Problems. Numerical Solution of Second Order ODE’s - Runge-Kutta method and Milne’s predictor and corrector method. (No derivations of formulae).

  Module 3

• Probability Distributions: Review of basic probability theory. Random variables (discrete and continuous), probability mass/density functions. Binomial, Poisson, exponential and normal distributions- problems (No derivation for mean and standard deviation)-Illustrative examples.

  Module 4

• Joint probability distribution: Joint Probability distribution for two discrete random variables, expectation and covariance.
  
  Sampling Theory: Introduction to sampling distributions, standard error, Type-I and Type-II errors. Test of hypothesis for means, student’s t-distribution, Chi-square distribution as a test of goodness of fit.

  Module 5

Question Papers

• MQP

Notes

• Measurement, Functional Elements of Measurement System and Transducers: Measurement, Significance of measurement, Instruments and measurement systems, Electronic instruments, Analog and digital modes of operation, Functions of instruments and measurement systems, Applications of measurement systems, Basic medical instrumentation system, Performance requirements of medical instrumentation systems, PC based medical instruments, General constraints in design of medical instrumentation systems. Transducers, Classifications of transducers-primary & secondary, active & passive, analog and digital transducers.

  Module 1

• Bioelectric Signals and Electrodes:Sources of Biomedical Signals, Origin of Bioelectric Signals, Electrocardiogram (ECG), Electroencephalogram (EEG), Electromyogram (EMG), Electrooculogram (EOG), Electroretinogram (ERG), Recording Electrodes– Electrode-tissue interface, Electrolyte-Skin interface, polarization, skin contact impedance, motion artifacts, Silver-Silver Chloride electrodes, Electrodes for ECG, Electrodes for EEG, Electrodes of EMG, Electrical conductivity of electrode jellies and creams, microelectrodes.

  Module 2

• Measurement of Displacement: Introduction, Principles of Transduction: Variable resistance devices, Variable Inductance Transducer, Synchros and Resolvers, Variable Capacitance Transducer, Hall Effect Devices, Proximity Devices, Digital Transducer
  
  Measurement of Strain: Introduction, Electrical Strain Gauges, Theory of operation of resistance strain gauges, Types of Electrical Strain Gauges – Wire gauges, unbounded strain gauges, foil gauges, Semiconductor strain gauges (principle, types & list of characteristics only), Materials for strain gauges. Wheatstone bride circuit for strain gauges, Applications.

  Module 3

• Measurement of Temperature: Introduction, Resistance type temperature sensors, Platinum resistance thermometer, Thermistors (principle, types & characteristics), Thermocouples, Solid state sensors – principle and working of AD590 (characteristics and features), and LM35 (characteristics and features), Quartz thermometer, Temperature measurement by radiation methods, Optical pyrometer.
  
  Measurement of Force: Introduction, Force measuring sensor – Load cells – Column type devices, Proving rings, Cantilever beam,Hydraulic load cell, Electronic weighing system.

  Module 4
• Module 5
  

  Flow Measurement: Introduction, Classification of Flow Meters, Head type flow meters – Orifice meter and Venturitube, Rotameter, Electromagnetic Flow Meter, Ultrasonic flow meter, Laser anemometer, Rotor torque mass flow meter.
  
  Measurement of Pressure: Introduction, Diaphragms, Other elastic elements, Transduction methods – potentiometric device, strain gauge transducer, variable reluctance, LVDT type, variable capacitance device (principle, schematic & working, no derivation), Piezoelectric pressure transducer, Pressure multiplexer.

Question Papers

• QB

Notes

• Microprocessors versus Microcontrollers, ARM Embedded Systems: The RISC design philosophy, The ARM Design Philosophy, Embedded System Hardware, Embedded System Software. ARM Processor Fundamentals: Registers, Current Program Status Register, Pipeline, Exceptions, Interrupts, and the Vector Table , Core Extensions

  Module 1

• Introduction to the ARM Instruction Set : Data Processing Instructions , Programme Instructions, Software Interrupt Instructions, Program Status Register Instructions, Coprocessor Instructions, Loading Constants ARM programming using Assembly language: Writing Assembly code, Profiling and cycle counting, instruction scheduling, Register Allocation, Conditional Execution, Looping Constructs

  Module 2

• Embedded System Components: Embedded Vs General computing system, History of embedded systems, Classification of Embedded systems, Major applications areas of embedded systems, purpose of embedded systems Core of an Embedded System including all types of processor/controller, Memory, Sensors, Actuators, LED, 7 segment LED display, stepper motor, Keyboard, Push button switch, Communication Interface (onboard and external types), Embedded firmware, Other system components.

  Module 3

• Embedded System Design Concepts: Characteristics and Quality Attributes of Embedded Systems, Operational quality attributes,non-operational quality attributes, Embedded 08 Systems-Application and Domain specific, Hardware Software Co-Design and Program Modelling, embedded firmware design and development.

  Module 4

• RTOS and IDE for Embedded System Design: Operating System basics, Types of operating systems, Task, process and threads (Only POSIX Threads with an example program), Thread preemption, Multiprocessing and Multitasking, Task Communication (without any program), Task synchronization issues-Racing and Deadlock, Concept of Binary and counting semaphores (Mutex example without any program), How to choose an RTOS, Integration and testing of Embedded hardware and firmware, Embedded system Development Environment Block diagram (excluding Keil), Disassembler/decompiler, simulator, emulator and debugging techniques, target hardware debugging, boundary scan.

  Module 5

• Module 1
  

  Modelling of Systems and Block diagram: Introduction to Control Systems, Types of Control Systems, with examples. Concept of mathematical modelling of physical systems- Mechanical, Translational (Mechanical accelerometer, systems excluded), and Rotational systems, Analogous systems based on force voltage analogy and force current analogy. Introduction to Block diagram algebra. Numerical problems on all topics. Introduction to Simulation package for practical component.

• Module 2
  

  Signal Flow graph: Introduction to Signal Flow graph, Mason’s gain formula. Obtaining Transfer functions for the given SFG using Mason’s gain formula. Time response analysis: Introduction. Standard test signals, response of first order & second order systems for unit step input. Steady state errors & Error constants. Numerical problems on all topics.

• Module 3
  

  Concepts of stability: The Concept of stability. Necessary conditions for stability. Hurwitz stability criterion. Routh stability criterion. Relative stability analysis using RH Criterion. The Root Locus Technique: Introduction. Root locus concepts. Construction of root loci. Stability analysis using Root locus Technique. Numerical problems on all topics.

• Module 4
  

  Frequency domain Analysis: Introduction to frequency domain analysis, Correlation between time & frequency response, Bode plots. Numerical problems on all topics. Polar Plot: Introduction to Polar plot and Nyquist plots, Nyquist stability criterion. Stability analysis using Polar plot. Numerical problems on all topics.

• Module 5
  

  State space Analysis: Concept of state, state variables and state model. State diagrams and State models for Linear continuous-time systems (Electrical systems): State space representation using Physical and Phase Variables. Derivation of transfer functions from the state model. Numerical problems on all topics.

• Module 1
  

  Introduction to Indian Constitution: Definition of Constitution, Necessity of the Constitution, Societies before and after the Constitution adoption. Introduction to the Indian constitution, Making of the Constitution, Role of the Constituent Assembly. Preamble of Indian Constitution & Key concepts of the Preamble. Salient features of India Constitution.

• Module 2
  

  Fundamental Rights (FR’s), Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP’s) and Fundamental Duties (FD’s): Fundamental Rights and its Restriction and limitations in different Complex Situations. DPSP’s and its present relevance in Indian society. Fundamental Duties and its Scope and significance in Nation building.

• Module 3
  

  Union Executive: Parliamentary System, Union Executive – President, Prime Minister, Union Cabinet, Parliament - LS and RS, Parliamentary Committees, Important Parliamentary Terminologies. Supreme Court of India, Judicial Reviews and Judicial Activism.

• Module 4
  

  State Executive & Elections, Amendments and Emergency Provisions: State Executive, Election Commission, Elections & Electoral Process. Amendment to Constitution (Why and How) and Important Constitutional Amendments till today. Emergency Provisions.

• Module 5
  

  Professional Ethics: Definition of Ethics & Values. Professional & Engineering Ethics. Positive and Negative aspects of Engineering Ethics.
  
  Cyber Laws: Salient features of the IT Act, 2000, various authorities under IT Act and their powers. ; Penalties & Offences, amendments.
  
  Computer & Cyber Security: (a) Types of Attacks, (b) Network Security (c) Overview of Security threats, (d) Hacking Techniques, (e) Password cracking (f) Insecure Network connections, (g) Malicious code (h) Concept of Fire wall Security